Due to the globalization, we have witnessed the emergence of new challenges, driven by a sharp drop in industrial production costs and a great ability to produce high quality products at competitive prices. To cope with these growing challenges, Industry 4.0 were launched in 2011. This concept represents the digitalization of the industry, integrating resources into production: people, machines and processes. These networked resources can interact with each other. Industry 4.0 optimizes the production system. The plant becomes agile, with flexible production methods, reconfigurable tools, and more efficient.Considering the Lean requirements during the early stages of production system design could facilitate the development of Industry 4.0.This paper mainly focuses on both Lean and Industry 4.0 by considering their requirements during the early stages of production system design. In this study, we analyze the convergence and contradictions for the implementation of these two concepts.