The construction of large hydraulic project improves the efficiency of water using and it will bring the social risk which has the dynamic evolution characteristic. In order to research the evolution process of social risk of large hydraulic project construction, a social risk evolution model is established based on society burning theory to depict the risk dynamic evolutionary process quantitatively. At last, an early warning control model is constructed. At the same time, the rational comprehensive mechanism of interests, the informational processing communication mechanism and the comprehensive emergency control system are put forward to reduce the risk level from the point of view of guarding and controlling the social risk.