A World Full of Computers: How Did That Happen?

James W. Cortada

 1-12

Computerization of the Norwegian Land Register: An Early Example of Outsourcing and Still a Model for Good Practice.

Bjørn Nagell

 13-21

Controlling the Battlefield: Computing and Operational Command in the Swedish Armed Forces, 1966-1989.

Johan Gribbe

 22-27

The Use of Computers for Controlling Electricity Flows in Sweden, 1950-1980.

Arne Kaijser

 28-34

Operations Analysis Computing at FFI, 1970-1995.

Norodd Hagenson

 35-42

Re-engineering Norwegian Research Libraries, 1970-1980.

Ingeborg T. Sølvberg

 43-55

Instruments of Surveillance Welfare: Computerizing Unemployment and Health in 1960s and 1970s Sweden.

Isabelle Dussauge, Julia Peralta

 56-64

History of Electronic Prescriptions in Sweden: From Time-Sharing Systems via Smartcards to EDI.

Gunnar O. Klein

 65-73

Electronic Health Records in Sweden: From Administrative Management to Clinical Decision Support.

Karin Kajbjer, Ragnar Nordberg, Gunnar O. Klein

 74-82

The Totally Integrated Management Information System in 1960s Sweden.

Gustav Sjöblom

 83-91

The History of the Swedish ATM: Sparfrämjandet and Metior.

Björn Thodenius, Bernardo Batiz-Lazo, Tobias Karlsson

 92-100

Electronic Securities: The Introduction of an Electronic Registration and Settlement System for the Norwegian Securities Market.

Jan Hellstrøm

 101-107

How New Computing Technology Reformed the Audit Profession.

Bjørn Barth Jacobsen

 108-116

History of Digital Dating: "Computer-Balls" and Digital Pairing in Finland from the 1960s to the Present.

Jaakko Suominen

 117-126

Collaborations between Engineers and Artists in the Making of Computer Art in Sweden, 1967-1986.

Anna Orrghen

 127-136

IBM's Norwegian Grammar Project, 1988-1991.

Jan Engh

 137-149

Computer Courses in Finnish Schools, 1980-1995.

Petri Saarikoski

 150-158

Teacher Pioneers in the Introduction of Computing Technology in the Swedish Upper Secondary School.

Lennart Rolandsson

 159-167

Computing on the Desktop: From Batch to Online in Two Large Danish Service Bureaus.

Anker Helms Jørgensen

 168-175

UTOPIA: Participatory Design from Scandinavia to the World.

Yngve Sundblad

 176-186

Designing Democracy: The UTOPIA-Project and the Role of the Nordic Labor Movement in Technological Change during the 1970s and 1980s.

Per Lundin

 187-195

Early History of Computing in Denmark.

Søren Duus Østergaard

 196-206

Making Business of a Revolutionary New Technology: The Eckert-Mauchly Company, 1945-1951.

Lars Heide

 207-214

IBM Manufacturing in the Nordic Countries.

Petri Paju

 215-227

The Presence of the IBM Branch Office in Iceland, 1967-1992.

Sverrir Ólafsson

 228-233

Personal Computers: A Gateway to Personal Computing.

Kari Kotiranta

 234-239

Norwegian Computer Technology: Founding a New Industry.

Yngvar Lundh

 240-248

The Founding, Fantastic Growth, and Fast Decline of Norsk Data AS.

Tor Olav Steine

 249-257

The Norwegian National IT Plan, 1987-1990: Whence It Came, What It Was, and How It Ended.

Arne Sølvberg

 258-270

Before the Internet: Early Experiences of Computer Mediated Communication.

Jacob Palme

 271-277

The Baby Networks: Nordic Positions Before the Internet.

Tomas Ohlin

 278-286

Development of Internet Technology and Norwegian Participation.

Yngvar Lundh

 287-296

The Internet Development Process: Observations and Reflections.

Pål Spilling

 297-304

The Use of Interpretation for Data Acquisition and Control: Its Impact on Software Development and Project Management.

Otto Vinter

 305-314

Computer Systems Performance Engineering in Trondheim: Origins and Development, 1970-1995.

Peter H. Hughes

 315-322

Provisioning of Highly Reliable Real-Time Systems.

Harold W. Lawson, Kurt-Lennart Lundbäck

 323-330

Information Modeling: Forty Years of Friendship.

Stig Berild, Eva Lindencrona

 331-338

Scandinavian Contributions to Object-Oriented Modeling Languages.

Birger Møller-Pedersen

 339-349

Dansk Datamatik Center.

Dines Bjørner, Christian Gram, Ole N. Oest, Leif Rystrøm

 350-359

SISU: The Swedish Institute for Systems Development.

Janis A. Bubenko Jr.

 360-367

Cloud Computing in the 1970s: The Discovery of Hash Based Relational Algebra.

Kjell Bratbergsengen

 368-374

The TEMPORA Approach: Information Systems Development Based on Explicit Business Rules with Time.

Benkt Wangler

 375-382

RAMATIC: A Case Shell Platform.

Lars-Åke Johansson, Mats Gustafsson

 383-389

Computer Science Education at Helsinki University of Technology: The First Ten Years (1968-1978).

Hans E. Andersin, Reijo Sulonen, Markku Syrjänen

 390-398

Provincial Designer Design: A Creative Mix of Hard Restrictions and Soft Visions of an Information Systems Educational Program.

Darek Haftor, Stig C. Holmberg, Ulrica Löfstedt, Christina Amcoff Nyström, Lena-Maria Öberg

 399-408

Teaching Image Analysis at DIKU.

Peter Johansen

 409-415

Simula: Mother Tongue for a Generation of Nordic Programmers.

Yngve Sundblad

 416-424

Precursors of the IT Nation: Computer Use and Control in Swedish Society, 1955-1985.

Isabelle Dussauge, Johan Gribbe, Arne Kaijser, Per Lundin, Julia Peralta, Gustav Sjöblom, Björn Thodenius

 425-432

Text Mining and Qualitative Analysis of an IT History Interview Collection.

Petri Paju, Eric Malmi, Timo Honkela

 433-443

A Classification of Methods and Contributions in the Historiography of Nordic Computing.

Henry Oinas-Kukkonen, Harri Oinas-Kukkonen, Veronika Susová

 444-452

Research Directions Profile in the Computing Museum of the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Latvia (IMCS).

Rihards Balodis, Juris Borzovs, Inara Opmane, Andrejs Skuja, Evija Ziemele

 453-461

What Can We Learn from the History of Nordic Computing?

Tomas Ohlin, Harold W. Lawson, Søren Duus Østergaard, Ingeborg T. Sølvberg, Nina Wormbs

 462-463