Soil fertility is the basis of sustainable agricultural development. Scientific and rational evaluation of soil fertility can better promote the development of agricultural informatization and modernization. Based on the data of 166 soil samples in Yanzhou District in 2014, the effects of pH, OM, AN, AP and AK were chosen as evaluation indexes, SPSS was used to analyze the soil fertility status. The results showed that the overall level of soil fertility was below the medium: Among the 166 samples, there were 149 in the medium and low fertility, accounting for 89.76%. The content of soil OM and AN was in medium and slightly lower level. In view of the above results, organic fertilizer, humic acid and nitrogen fertilizer should be added. Soil AP and AK content was in the middle and above the level, so the fertilizer could be maintained in order to achieve balanced fertilization.